1998 年 71 巻 1 号 p. 31-44
Since the late-80 s, abnormally many golf courses have been planned and constructed in Japan, and civil movements for conservation of the nature have been raised. These are regarded as typical examples of today's human-nature relationship. I studied the case of Miyoshi Village focusing on its promoters, supporters and contributors from the viewpoints of their history, participation, inter-relation and thought. The development was planned on the abandoned fuel forest of which wilderness was undesired by the landowners. The opposition movement was began in 1988, in fear of the chemical harm from the golf course, by a pre-existing association for natural food established by village farmers and urban consumers. Their petition to cancel the development was once adopted by the Village Assembly, but was overruled by pro-development villagers who thought the golf course harmless. Their second action was the election campaign for the village chief. That idea was presented by an urban-raised ecologist living in the mountains self-sufficiently; he joined the movement to become the actual promoter. Despite their efforts they lost the election, after which the farmers nearly gave up. But in 1992, the ecologist introduced Tachiki Trust as the final action, which was a method of selling the ownership of the living trees at the developmental site to nationwide contributors. Tachiki Trust was carried out in chain by the national association of environmentalists which was a theoretical and an emotional bond of the local members. Supported by the mass media and urban people, Miyoshi's Tachiki Trust sold over 3, 000 trees and rejected the plan in 1994. In that chronology we can see the highly complicated structure of today's conservation movement, and understand the various histories and thoughts of the people concerned.
