Abstract
We attempted to evaluate numerically the damage in urban areas due to the 1995 Hyogoken-nambu earthquake in terms of damage ratios of houses, using the emergency revision of Zenrin Residential Maps of part of Hyogo-ku and Chuo-ku, Kobe City. The results are concordant with those deduced from other intensive field surveys and with those obtained by photo interpretation. Damage ratios of houses are controlled first by the carrier if the area had been bombed and burned in the Second World War. The greater the house damage in the war, the less the house damage ratio due to the earthquake. This tendency results from building regulations enforeced in 1950 after the war. However, alignment of a high value of damage ratios reflects not only the bombed zone but also active fault lines running obliquely across the research area. The concentration of high damage ratios along the Egeyama fault is especially remarkable in the area. Another peak suggests the contribution of an active fault running along the south-eastern side parallel to the Egeyama fault. In conclusion, the convenient but numerical damage data based on residential maps show the spatial aspects of the damage in urban areas due to the earthquake by means of proportional and directional analysis, and clarify the multiplier effects of the two damage factors of house property and the contribution of active faults.
