2019 Volume 2019 Issue 82 Pages 34-44
We evaluated the effect of learning appropriate movements through 4-week (8 sessions) tee ball lessons to improve fifth-grade elementary school students' throwing performance by examining changes in the distance the ball was thrown and movements from the perspective of kinematics. There were 18 males and 18 females, a total of 36 students. The distance the ball was thrown increased from 17.2±4.5 to 18.3±4.2 m among the males and from 11.4±3.8 to 12.4±3.2 m among the females, suggesting that their throwing performance improved through the learning of appropriate movements, consequently increasing the distance. The results also indicated the necessity of instructing males to throw the ball at increased angles of trunk rotation and posterior trunk tilt with elbow extension to improve the sequence of movements from the trunk to extremity, while maintaining a large projection angle, and females to projects the ball diagonally upward to increase the projection angle as points of guidance.
