Abstract
We reviewed clinical outcome studies for aphasic patients in Japan. There were no randomized controlled trials,1 retrospective case-control study and 35 clinical series without concurrent controls. We also undertook a meta-analysis of 20 studies of effect sizes, and found that most studies were evaluated as highly effective (medium to large). We concluded that although large outcomes were produced, scientifically high levels of evidence were not found in the Japanese outcome studies of aphasic patients.
