Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) involves some serious transplant-related complications or vascular disorders, such as graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), veno-occlusive disease (VOD), and thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA). The diagnosis of acute GVHD after HSCT remains clinical symptoms, laboratory data and tissue histology. Various candidate biomarkers for acute GVHD are reported because of a postulated role in the pathophysiology of GVHD. The biomarkers of chronic GVHD are immunological factors, because this disease often presents with clinical manifestations that resemble those observed in autoimmune diseases. VOD is also dependent on a clinical syndrome characterized by tender hepatomegaly, jaundice, fluid retention, and unexplained weight gain. When TMA is descrived in patients who have undergone HSCT, it is often implied that the clinical diagnosis of TMA is similar to that of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. Therefore, level of cytokines, chemokines and soluble molecules appear to be useful biomarkers for VOD and TMA after HSCT. Further investigations need for the ultimate goals of identifying specific biomarkers for these complication after HSCT.
