Health activities and risk reduction in municipalities affected by liquefaction during large-scale disasters: A case study from the Great East Japan Earthquake

抄録

Aim: This study aimed to summarize the health activities and risk reduction in municipalities affected by liquefaction damage during large-scale disasters and apply the findings to future disaster preparedness.

Methods: The study analyzed and summarized data based on case studies of earthquake-related materials and the testimonies of those involved. It extracted items related to the health activities of local governments and residents after the earthquake.

Results: When a large-scale disaster occurs, people are forced to evacuate and their lifelines are cut off, which can lead to the emergence of health problems. (1) Opening evacuation shelters, ascertaining the situation, and supporting people who have difficulty returning home (2) Management of evacuation shelters and consultation (3) Confirming the safety of people requiring assistance (4) Securing medical care and relief (5) Reducing health damage through preventative measures, It is necessary to systematically consider these issues from the perspective of quality of life.

Conclusions: Taking into account the geographical characteristics of the municipality and the daily lives of residents, it is important to protect their lives and health in cooperation with other departments and contribute to their quality of life over the medium to long term, as well as from the perspective of secondary prevention after a disaster. The enhancement of public health nurse activities during normal times can be utilized for reconstruction and community development during and after disasters.