Abstract
Ammonia is gaining significant attention as a key component in the push towards carbon neutrality due to its dual role as a carbon-free fuel and a hydrogen carrier. Its ability to burn without emitting carbon dioxide makes it an attractive option for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. As global demand for ammonia is expected to rise, efforts to develop large-scale storage tanks for ammonia are underway to meet this anticipated need. In light of the growing interest and potential risks associated with large ammonia storage tanks, it is crucial to examine past incidents to inform risk assessment and improve safety measures. Since 2011, the EST-1 Committee of the High Pressure Institute of Japan has been collecting data on incidents at storage facilities for various energy products. To date, approximately 3,800 incidents have been reported, with 60 specifically related to ammonia storage tanks. In this paper, these incidents have been analyzed and summarized to serve as a reference for evaluating the risks associated with large ammonia storage tanks.
