A simple model was proposed to combine the weakest link model and Petch model. The present model can explain consistently the empirical rules of fracture toughness as stated in the followings.
(1) Fracture toughness of crack initiaion, KC, or that of crack arrest, Kca, has Arrhenius type temperature dependence with lower shelf on low temperature side.
(2) In Arrhenius plot the gradient and intercept of Kca are larger than those of KC.
(3) Dynamic fracture toughness Kld shows narrower scatter than KIC does. Lower bound of Kld coincides with that of Kla.