Characteristics of the Ti:LiNbO₃ Waveguide Light Amplifiers Made by Er/Yb Co-Dope Technique

Abstract

This paper describes amplification characteristics of the Er-doped Ti-diffused LiNbO₃ waveguide light amplifiers made by Yb co-dope technique. For the purpose of easily analyzing, approximated solutions of the rate equations describing the transitions between the dopant populations in the energy levels in the coupled Er-Yb system are presented, which are obtained by using a perturbation method. Advantages of the amplifiers made by co-dope of Yb are demonstrated by numerical simulations. Simulation results in the high-index clad loaded configuration, in which high gain is achieved, are also demonstrated in comparisons with the conventional non-clad configuration.