Maximum Distributed Generation with Voltage Regulation under Uncertainty of Renewable Energy Resources

Abstract

Distributed Generation (DG) can provide several advantages to the distribution system. The advantages of DG can be achieved if the necessary concerns are strictly followed to prevent the unfavorable problems. It is known that voltage violation is the most important constraint for the maximum allowable DG. This paper takes into account the issue of system voltage profile, while the total DG is being calculated. In a number of cases, the total DG is limited since the system voltages are over or lower than the limits. This is because DG can cause the voltage fluctuation to the system. This voltage fluctuation due to DG may cause problems to the existing voltage regulation. However, DG itself can be used to regulate or support the system voltage profile if the installation has been well studied and carried out. With the varieties of dispersed locations, operating modes, and installed capacities, DG, in contrast, can be properly designed and controlled to help system voltages be maintained within their standard levels. This paper uses the varieties of locations, modes, and capacities to balance and maintain the system voltage profile to acquire the maximum total installed capacity of DG. The solution is achieved by the optimization process. Moreover, the issue of stochastic uncertainty of renewable energy resources is taken into account. Probabilistic Load Flow (PLF) is employed to ensure that the solution will be effective in the acceptable range of deviation. The analysis and discussion are presented as a feasible study for the system utilities or DG owners. The proposed method is applied with IEEE 34 Bus test system, and the numerical results show that the satisfactory system voltage profile is obtained as well as the maximum total DG.