Abstract
The widespread use of photovoltaic (PV) systems may create voltage rise problem in future distribution system. In this paper, two different control methods; centralized and local for controlling consumer controllable load have been proposed to provide voltage control for distribution system with large penetration of PV systems. Heat pump water heater (HPWH) has been selected as a consumer controllable load due to its large thermal energy and flexibility in operating time. In centralized control, controller placed at the substation is responsible to control all node voltages within acceptable limit by controlling all HPWH's power consumption whereas in local control, node voltage is controlled by its own local controller. Optimal control parameters that determine HPWH power consumption are found in both methods and most appropriate time-varying power consumption for HPWH is obtained from node voltage and HPWH characteristics. The effectiveness of proposed voltage control methods has been evaluated in a model of the residential distribution system in Japan. It is considered that none of participating consumers in the proposed methods are affected with hot water shortage.
