Prolonged QRS Duration in Lead V2 and Risk of Life-Threatening Ventricular Arrhythmia in Patients With Brugada Syndrome

Abstract

Brugada syndrome is an inherited disorder that predisposes some patients to sudden cardiac death. It is not well established which Brugada syndrome patients are at risk of life-threatening arrhythmias. We investigated whether standard 12-lead electrocardiograms (ECG) can identify such patients. The subjects were 35 men with Brugada syndrome (mean age, 50.1 ± 12.4 years). Documented ventricular fibrillation or aborted sudden cardiac arrests were judged to be related to the Brugada syndrome. Ten patients (mean age, 49.6 ± 14.9 years) were symptomatic, and 25 (mean age, 50.3 ± 11.5 years) were asymptomatic. We determined the PR interval, QRS duration, and QT interval from baseline 12-lead ECG leads II and V2 as well as the J point elevation amplitude of lead V2. The QRS interval was measured from QRS onset to the J point in leads II and V2. The only significant difference between the symptomatic and asymptomatic patients was the QRS duration measured from lead V2. The mean QRS interval was 129.0 ± 23.9 ms in symptomatic patients versus 108.3 ± 15.9 ms in asymptomatic patients (P = 0.012). A QRS interval in lead V2 ≥ 120 ms was found to be a possible predictor of a life-threatening ventricular arrhythmia and/or syncope (P = 0.012). Prolonged QRS duration as measured on a standard 12-lead ECG is associated with ventricular arrhythmia and could serve as a simple noninvasive marker of vulnerability to life-threatening cardiac events in patients with Brugada syndrome.