Acute Coronary Syndrome May be Associated with Decreased Resolvin D1-to-Leukotriene B4 Ratio

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An imbalance between inflammation-resolving lipid mediators and proinflammatory leukotrienes with the instability of atherosclerotic plaques in experimental models has been reported. However, the contribution of the balance of Resolvin D1 (RvD1) to Leukotriene B4 (LTB4) in predicting acute coronary syndrome (ACS) remains unknown. This study investigated the association of RvD1-to-LTB4 ratio with ACS.

Eighty-one patients with ACS and 90 stable coronary artery disease (SCAD) patients were included in this study. Plasma RvD1 and LTB4 levels were measured with commercial kits.

Patients with ACS had higher LTB4 levels, lower RvD1 levels, and a lower RvD1-to-LTB4 ratio than patients with SCAD. History of diabetes mellitus, elevated Troponin I, LTB4, and decreased RvD1-to-LTB4 ratio (odds ratio [OR]: 1.025; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.014-1.040; P < 0.001) were independently correlated with ACS. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis demonstrated that RvD1-to-LTB4 ratio was a potential biomarker for the risk of ACS.

A circulating proinflammatory lipid profile, characterized by a low RvD1-to-LTB4 ratio may be associated with ACS in patients with ischemic heart disease.