抄録
The birth, growth, and separation of bubbles are microscopically observed in the electrodeposition of nickel in a nickel sulfamate bath. Bubbles repeatedly nucleate and grow at the same locations on the electrode used in the electrodeposition. The bubbles disturb ion transportation to the electrode surface for a long duration, causing the formation of holes, because electrodeposition only occurs outside the areas where bubbles are generated. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation revealed that the surface texture of the bubble traces is smoother than that of the other areas and that there are many cracks and fragments in the bubble traces, which cause local changes in the characteristics of the electrodeposited film.
