The molten iron for the malleable iron making from the duplex process of a cupola-reverberatory furnace was treated with 0.002-0.020%B or boron-treated and alloyed 0.25-1.54%Cu. Both the metallurgical and the industrial problems on such irons were discussed.
The first graphitization time is shortened as the boron addition is increased till 0.005% and then delayed with more addtions, while the second graphitization time is shortened with increasing boron addition irrespective of its amount. With the boron addition only, the elongation of the annealed iron is increased and its tensile strength and the hardness is lowered.
In the boron treated copper-alloyed iron, many advantages were found to exist from the points of the graphitization, the quality of the product and the commercial running.