Influence of lithium content and cast structure on the damping capacity and mechanical properties of Mg-1∼20%Li alloys was investigated. At the average cooling rete of 140°C/s the secondary arm spacing of the specimens decreased from 36μm to 24μm as Li content was increased up to 5%. Mg-4%Li alloy showed the highest damping capacity value of 2.6×10-2. Damping capacity increased with increasing average cooling rate. Tensile strength, elongation and Rockwell hardness of Mg-Li alloys containing 1 to 5%Li were about 14kgf/mm2, 12% and HRH56, respectively. Tensile strength decreased gradually by increasing Li content above 5%.