Anti-tumor effects of prostaglandin D₂ and its metabolites, 15-deoxy-Δ^{12, 14}-PGJ₂, by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) γ-dependent and -independent pathways.

抄録

Hematopoietic prostaglandin (PG) D synthase (H-PGDS) is known as key enzyme in the production of PGD₂ and its J series metabolite, 15-deoxy-Δ^{12, 14}-PGJ₂ (15d-PGJ₂), is thought to play an important role for anti-inflammatory effects. Anti-tumor effects of 15d-PGJ₂ has been shown to be involved in both peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) γ independent and dependent pathways. The independent pathway includes the repression of the telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 via the down-regulation of NFκB. The dependent pathway included repression of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptors and COX-2 with down-regulation of NFκB, followed by the activation of PPAR γ. In this review, we focused on the role of 15d-PGJ₂ in anti-tumor effects including our evaluation in mouse bladder carcinoma model.