Internal Medicine
Online ISSN : 1349-7235
Print ISSN : 0918-2918
ISSN-L : 0918-2918
CASE REPORTS
Fulminant Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Accompanied by Positive Conversion of Anti-insulin Antibody after the Administration of Anti-CTLA-4 Antibody Following the Discontinuation of Anti-PD-1 Antibody
Michiru ShibaHidefumi InabaHiroyuki AriyasuShintaro KawaiYuko InagakiShohei MatsunoHiroshi IwakuraYuki YamamotoMasahiro NishiTakashi Akamizu
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JOURNAL OPEN ACCESS

2018 Volume 57 Issue 14 Pages 2029-2034

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Abstract

An 80-year-old woman with malignant melanoma received 20 cycles of anti-programmed death 1 (PD-1) antibody (nivolumab) treatment and showed normal glucose tolerance. Three weeks after switching to anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) antibody (ipilimumab), her plasma glucose level was elevated to 639 mg/dL, her HbA1c was 7.7%, and her fastening serum C-peptide immunoreactivity was undetectable. Anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase and insulinoma-associated protein-2 antibodies were negative. She was diagnosed with fulminant type 1 diabetes mellitus (F1DM). Remarkably, her anti-insulin antibody was positively converted, and her Sialylated Carbohydrate Antigen, Krebs von den Lungen-6 levels increased after ipilimumab therapy. She possessed F1DM-susceptible Human Leukocyte Antigen-DR4. A fluorescence activated cell sorting analysis showed an altered T-cell population. This case of F1DM highlights specific mechanisms underlying pancreatic beta cell immunity.

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© 2018 by The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine
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