Abstract
The kinetic charging theories analyzing the charge to mass ratio of toner in the two-component developer were reexamined.
In the previous two theories,(1)the toner charge to mass ratio becomes zero in infinite mixing time and(2)the toner charge to mass ratio does not depend on the toner to carrier mixing ratio, the construction of the charging equation and the mathematical translation of the equation were complemented by this study.
As a result, the relationship between the charge to mass ratio and the mixing ratio of toner to carrier deduced by the kinetic charging theories were almost consistent with the surface state theory.
Finally, this study concluded that the three theories, the surface state theory, the improved electric field theory and the kinetic charging theory were consistent with each others.
