Electromagnetic Panel Display Using Tri-state Switching Elements

Abstract

Employing tri-state switching elements enables the double-throw switching of the display and undisplay of a two-feeder system, the simplification of the display circuit and an increase in the number of display elements. Also, by connecting a double-throw zenor diode in series with the electromagnetic coil of the display element, it is possible to suppress the motion of unselected display elements due to crosstalk.
The ability to equivalently convert any n×m display matrix into a 2×2 display matrix and to analyze the V-I characteristic using a simple circuit is shown. In addition, the performing of a line or block operation of the display motion within the allowable current limit for a tri-state switching element is experimentally presented. The experimental results from the designed 2×2.2 cm² panel, with a 40 ms display motion, agree well with the theoretical results. As a result, the number of display panel elements are estimated at about a hundred thousand.