Liquid crystal displays are being more and more widely used for various applications. Those are wide viewing-angle active-matrix TN-, IPS-, and MVA-LCDs for PC monitor applications, and low operation-voltage active-matrix TN-LCDs for note-book PC and other mobile applications. Fast switching LCDs are also being intensively developed for field-sequential color display applications. LC materials are playing an essentially important role to actualize those modern displays, and novel classes of LC materials have been developed for each LCD. This paper reviews the physical properties of advanced LC materials, providing the high picture qualities of these modern displays in a variety of applications.