看護技術における行為と目的 : 臨床実習における学生の気づきを手がかりとして

抄録

Due to the practical features of nursing is inevitably involved in techniques. In other words in trying to enhance the quality of human life, people have performed techniques of nursing since ancient times. The acquisition of basic techniques in nursing, therefore, became a core of nursing education. However, in previous educational methods, technical patterns and handling were imitated repetitiously. According to Max Weber, acts must be distinguished from behavior, for the former signifies purposively oriented meanings while the latter does not. If we try to characterize the previous nursing method based on Weber's way of thinking, it can be said that the method is basically understood in relation to behavior. However, nursing techniclues should be directed at enhancing the quality of human life and therefore, the whole comcomplex system of nursing must be involved in acts signifying purposefully oriented meanings. In the earlier stage of learning of nursing techniques, students who lack knowledge the meaning of techniques tend to show mechanical and repetitious behavior. In the first stage of clinical training, students are not conscious of the meanings of technical acts and therefore are preoccupied only with the handling order of techniques. However, once they become conscious of the real relationship between clients and themselves, the purose of clients' lives is clearly acknowledged. Based on the above mentioned, I would like to clarify the relationship between acts in nursing techniques and purposes, reflecting on the learning process of nursing techniques in clinical training.