抄録
This is the Second Part of a speech which was delivered in the 18th Annual Meeting of Japanese Association for Philosophical and Ethical Researches in Medicine held in October, 1999, and the author discussed here bioeethical issues alone. In the First Part of this speech the author discussed the medico-ethical issues which are omitted in this paper but have already been published (in Reference 1). Main topics dealt with in this paper are: 1. American bioethics as one of the postwar American dreams 2. Critical appraisal on American bioethics: American bioethics at the Cross-roads 3. Bioethics and environmental ethics 4. Eastern and Western bioethics: Asian and Euro-American bioethics 5. Fundamental principles of bioethics 6. Standardization and globalization in bioethics 7. "Genoethics" and "phenoethics" (Reference 15) Topics discussed in the First Part of this speech and already published in Reference 1 were: 1. General education in premedical course of senior high schools before and during World War II 2. The Foundation of Ministry of Health and Welfare in 1938 under the strong leadership of Japanese Army for the preparation and promotion of war : the principal functions of MHW were an increase in population, prohibition of induced abortion and contraception, control of pulmonary tuberculosis, veneral diseases and trachoma conjunctivitis 3. Ethical Code of Japan Medical Association and of Physicians during WWE 4. Influence of American Occupation Troops on medical education and practice in post-war Japan 5. Main trends in medical science and practice in post-war Japan 6. War responsibilities and war crimes judged at Tokyo War Crimes Trials 7. From period of National Eugenic Law (1941) which prohibited induced abortion and contraception to the years of Eugenic Protective Law (1948) which semi-liberated induced abortion and contraception
