Abstract
This paper aims to critically discuss “translation norm” and “descriptive translation studies” proposed by G. Toury that are one of the most frequently quoted and discussed issues or approaches in translation studies (TS). First, socio-cultural history of translation equivalence, which seems to be the most important concept in TS, is analyzed, and then that of translation norm is analyzed to clarify where, why and how this concept emerged in TS. Next, co-relationship between translation norm and other related concepts and issues in TS is explained to get multifaceted perspectives. Finally, both “translation norm” and “descriptive translation studies” are critically examined mainly from sociological perspectives, with some implication of ideological bias inevitably inherent in those concepts.
https://ror.org/0475w6974 
