Abstract
The review article shows the characteristic of oral biofilm infectious diseases. Oral bacterial species possess biofilm-forming activity on the surface of tooth, periodontal region, dorsum of tongue, buccal epithelium, dental implant, and denture as a unique ecosystem. Dental plaque is known as the typical biofilm consisting the community with various kinds of bacteria. Our studies have suggested that oral biofilm organisms may play a role in the etiology of various kinds of systemic diseases. We examined oral bacteria in samples from atherosclerotic lesions including cardiovascular disease. Treponerna denticola 16S rRNA and the antigen were found in 6 out of 26 DNA samples from the formalin-fixed, paraffin-embeded atherosclerotic lesions obtained during surgery. but not in any of the 14 non-diseased aorta samples. We also detected periodontal disease-associated bacteria in samples of cardiovascular diseases. We found that oral bacteria are able to trap Helicobacter pylori that is known to cause gastritis and peptic ulcer disease, but inhibited H. pylori growth. Periodontopathic Campvlobacter rectus strains possess cross-reactive antigens including heat shock proteins with H. pylori strains suggesting that antigens of C. rectus may be related to the induction of immunopathological responses. We also found the relationship between paeriodontal disease-associated bacterial heat shock proteins and pustulosis palmaris et plantaris. The significance of oral care for elderly requiring nursing care was demonstrateel. We also discussed the denture and implant biofilms in the review.
