Abstract
The purpose of this issue is to compare the setting course of community policy that is the rival for community-based organization system under the effect of globalization between Japan and China, and to deliberate the social background of those policies which were practiced.
The appropriate community policies are made to aim for the reorganization of urban community-based organization and to emphasize the resident autonomy in Japan and China, when they face the change of social constitution with the growth of economy and the effect of globalization. This is the common point between Japan and China.
There is a time gap of about thirty years in the demand for community policy in Japan from two sides. One is the community policy in 1969 to correspond to the high speed growth of domestic economy. The other is to face the union of commune in the decentralization corresponding to economic globalization in the 1990, as well as resident autonomy. However, the demands are simultaneous with market economy from domestic to overseas, and with the reform opening policy practicing in china. This is one different point of community policy and resident autonomy between Japan and china. The other different point is that the systems are massive including the adjustment of law and policy in china, while and the activities are massive because the residents' activities are piled up from the grass root residents' campaigns in Japan.
The future research concerns the development of the independent residents' activities in China and the establishment of security in law and policy with the residents' activities in Japan.
