Pulmonary benign metastasizing leiomyoma: A clinicopathological study of 10 cases

Abstract

Pulmonary benign metastasizing leiomyoma (BML) is a rare disease in which a benign uterine leiomyoma metastasizes to the lung. We herein report a clinicopathological study of 10 cases. The median interval between hysterectomy and lung resection for pulmonary nodules was 114 months (range: 15-240 months). The median tumor size was 11 mm (range: 5-16 mm). While nine patients with multiple nodules underwent wedge resection, one was treated with lobectomy. Hormonal treatment was administered to 3 patients with residual lesions and 1 patient as adjuvant therapy. During the follow-up periods (range: 26-192 months, median: 105 months), seven patients were alive with disease and two without evidence of disease. One patient died of systemic metastases due to atypical leiomyoma diagnosed by reviewing uterine and pulmonary specimens. Diagnostic, surgical, and therapeutic problems associated with this disease were discussed.