2022 Volume 16 Pages 11-25
Previous research has demonstrated that three factors, namely, the educational effects of e-learning, the effectiveness of using ICT, and student attitudes toward distance learning, are closely related. However, the effectiveness of communication using video conferencing systems that allow real-time two-way interaction has not been fully examined. Moreover, while previous studies have examined changes in learners’ attitudes based on questionnaire results, none have evaluated the advantages and disadvantages from the standpoints of both learners and teachers. This study aims to examine the difference between face-to-face and distance learning in “English Communication” courses, and its main goal is (a) to develop positive attitudes toward communication in English, as well as (b) to improve oral English communication skills. In the survey, we administered the same questionnaire used in previous studies that measured the orientation toward e-learning, and measured the educational effectiveness of distance learning. The responses to the open-ended items were analyzed using KH Coder, and the advantages and disadvantages were discussed. The results showed that face-to-face speaking is very pressurized for beginner learners, that the moderate sense of distance in the distance-learning class may lead to comfortable communication, and that communication methods other than speaking, such as reaction tools and chatting, can be effectively used. These results provide a hint for fostering “attitudes” such as interest in communication in remedial education.
