抄録
This study elucidates the impact of COVID-19 on factors constraining leisure. A questionnaire survey was conducted on 500 university students concerning factors that restrict leisure （e.g., anxiety about stay, trip planning burden, absence of companions/self, lack of time, and lack of money）. Thereafter, an exploratory factor analysis was performed to see if the factor structure changed before and after the pandemic. A confirmatory factor analysis was also conducted to check the validity of the factor structure. The results showed that the leisure constraints before the COVID-19 outbreak had a three-factor structure comprising “anxiety about stay,” “interpersonal constraints,” and “lack of money,” whereas those hindering tourism after the pandemic had a four-factor structure consisting of “travel anxiety,” “trip planning burden,” “infection anxiety,” and “lack of time.” These findings suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the structure of the constraint factors. Furthermore, multigroup analyses targeting gender revealed that the factor structure was common between men and women both before and after the pandemic. However, differences were found between men and women in path coefficients between some factors and related questionnaire items, suggesting gender differences in perceptions of some constraint factors.
