家族レジリエンス測定尺度の作成および信頼性・妥当性の検討

抄録

　　While everyone may face psychological crises, such as sickness, accidents, loss of loved ones, or natural disasters, responses to crises vary per person; some families may be shattered, others withstand and rebound. The aim of this study was (1) to develop a new inventory of family resilience, (2) to investigate its reliability and validity, and (3) to investigate gender differences in family resilience. In the preliminary phase, we created original items and made a preliminary investigation targeted for 125 participants (44 men, 81 women). Second, we made a main investigation targeted at 408 participants (144 men, 264 women). The result of these investigations showed sufficient reliability and validity of the new inventory; the results of the item-total correlation and Cronbach's α (α＝.93) showed sufficient internal consistency, and the scores had strong correlation (r＝.89) with the Family Resilience Inventory (Tokutsu ＆ Kusaka, 2006). A factor analysis of the inventory revealed five factors which were labeled: “cohesion,” “trust in family strength,” “balance between individual family members and the family system,” “spirituality,” and “social and economic resources.” The five factors reflected Walsh's family resilience model. In concordance with previous studies, it was revealed that women are more resilient. Therefore, the results suggest this inventory could be useful to understand the factors of family resilience.