Environmental protections of the groundwater depending on the constructions of the tunnel

Abstract

Author explained the influence of the construction of tunnels and underground structures on the groundwater environment, and the influence of groundwater on the tunnel construction, based on past cases. In addition, an overview of the history of new construction techniques that have been developed so far to prevent the adverse effects of tunnel construction on the groundwater environment was also presented. In particular, author described various construction methods for each of the water cut-off method and drainage method,their difficulties, and how to use them properly according to the situation at the site.