Experimental Optimization on the Window Surfaces in the Tents

抄録

The tents are the principal residences of the herdsmen in the west of China and the main sanctuaries after natural disaster (such as earthquake, debris flow). However, owing to the ultralight envelope of the tents, their indoor thermal environment is easily affected by the outdoor climate conditions, thereby becoming very poor. The natural ventilation is taken as a high-efficiency passive technology to widely use in the conventional buildings and has gained the good effect. In this situation, the natural ventilation is considered to refine the indoor thermal environment in the tents. Firstly, it is analyzed on the natural ventilation in the conventional tents made by the Eleocharis yokoscensis, which can be traced after thousands of years, and the reasonable window area is proposed on the tents according to the conventional tents. In addition, five tents were built with the different sizes of skylights and side windows. The area ratio of the skylight in the tent surface can increase from O to 4% and the area ratio of the side window in the tent sur face can increase from0 to 30%. The experimental results show that when the area ratio of the skylight in the tent surface increases from 0 to 3%, the indoor air temperature can be reduced by 12°C under the closed side windows and the best area ratio of the skylight in the tent surface is 1%~3%. And when the area ratio of the side window increases from 0 to 15%, the indoor air temperature can be reduced by 10°C under the closed skylight and the best area ratio of the skylight in the tent surface is 10%-15%. In addition, under the comprehensive consideration, the best area ratio of the skylight and the side window is 2% and 10%;