The Complex Mechanism of Construction of Interpretive Frameworks in TV News: A Critical Discourse Analysis of Reporting on the TPP Agreement

Abstract

This study analyzes television news reporting on the general agreement of the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP), using Critical Discourse Analysis. The analysis reveals that the news item constructs the interpretive frameworks that the resulting declines in food prices will benefit consumers and corporations, while the government will provide measures to deal with farmers’ concerns. Furthermore, the news item foregrounds the limited frameworks that people have a passive existence, just influenced by political measures, and that consumers and farmers are in opposition. Such interpretive frameworks are created by the complex interaction of several discourse elements, including the selection of information, rhetorical features, language use, and visual elements. This complex interaction creates and reinforces one-sided perspectives concerning: 1) aspects of events given most importance, 2) causal relationships, and 3) attributes attached to participants. Although each discourse element does not clearly express specific perspectives, all the elements together consistently contribute to presenting the same frameworks. Thus, the news item conceals alternative perspectives and presents the selected frameworks as the only ones, without giving sufficient reasons and explanations.