2016 Volume 36 Pages 80-84
Objective: To determine the characteristics of nursing research considered by the IRBs and how to improve IRBs reviewing nursing research in Japan in comparison with IRBs in the USA with respect to types of reviews, the IRB reviewing systems.
Methods: We classified nursing research based on the research characteristics through a literature review, and obtained information about the types of reviews and review systems of IRBs from two universities with nursing departments in the USA.
Results: (1) Nursing research is classified into four types (research, quality improvement, evidence-based practice, and program evaluation). (2) Depending on the anticipated risks of research subjects, protocol reviews are classified as follows: exemption, expedited, and full board. (3) In the USA, research proposals are generally reviewed by a full IRB, but there is a sub-committee for expedited review. The reviewing system is very well-organized with sufficient staffing, which allows distribution of staff to various sections, including a consulting section for inquiries of researchers. (4) The objectives of nursing research are largely associated with improvement in nursing care, evaluation of programs, and evidence-based practice, and these types of research are categorized as exempted or expedited reviews.
Conclusion: There are significant needs for improvement in the IRB system in Japan regarding reviewing procedures, which should be modified depending on the methods of nursing research, subjects, and content. In addition, there is a need for staff development so staff can provide advice or consultation with researchers who want to apply to the IRB.
