石油開発における研究開発マネージメント

欧米石油会社と石油公団の例

抄録

There are some major oil companies or independent research institutes in Western Europe as well as the United States who have become increasingly interested in planning and reviewing their management system for enhancing achievement of R & D.
For types of management systems, two that are sometimes implemented are:
(1) Matrix Organization: The essence of matrix organization normally is the combining of department function and product patterns in the same organization structure. This system is often applied for organizing teams for R & D per project (as vertical) by groups of specialists. Each specialist is provided from various technological divisions (as horizontal).
(2) Interdivisional Network: This is a communication network to exchange information horizontally between the researcher which makes it possible to effectively attain their objectives. The power of individuals or groups to exercise discretion in making decisions is held by them and the responsibility for their results are shouldered by them.
Management system reforms are aimed to meet currently changing oil market conditions applicable to exploration, production and R & D. For oil companies in Japan involved in the upstream industry, utilization of these two techniques of management will be beneficial in achieving desired results.