2023 Volume 32 Issue 2 Pages 37-50
We can observe simultaneous/successive occurrence of fingerspelling letters as manual signs or mouthings as nonmanual signs with sign constructions in linguistic/semiotic expression by d/Deaf or hearing signers. In this paper, we focused the mouthings co-occurred with sign constructions, and considered the linguistic/semiotic characters of mouthings by using the hyperextended semiotic schema. In addition, we analysed the dynamic behaviour of components in co-occurrence of mouthings and sign constructions by using the theory of ruby, the triangular semiotic model, the translanguaging theory, and the usage-based grammars, contributing to the sign language studies including the linguistics and semiotics.