A Fundamental Research on Learning and Teaching to Arithmetical Activities : The Tasks of Arithmetical Activities

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to clarify the tasks of the learning and teaching to arithmetical activities. For attaining this purpose, firstly it is described the philosophy and concrete example of arithmetical activities and the problem for them. In addition, it is described the critical study of problem solving as the method of learning and teaching before. Based on them, it is described the problem to find out the new method of the learning and teaching and the view of the solution to the problem. Focused to learning, arithmetical activities are divided into two parts on the point of purpose and method: "purpose model" and "method model". For the nature of arithmetical activities and in today's regard, it is necessary to learn arithmetical method. However, the status of learning and teaching is no more than about arithmetical contents, so not method so much. Consequently the problem is that find out the method of learning and teaching for "purpose model" arithmetical activities. For the approach to this problem, it is necessary to clarify the process of children' thought on arithmetical method and the relation between arithmetical contents and method, therefore study with vision of "method model" and mathematical activities. The author will work on the task with these points.