ビデオ画像計測手法による高層建物ボイド空間の風力換気性状解析に関する実験的研究

抄録

Recent high-rise residential buildings in Japan mostly have architectural plans with cores containning large open court spaces exposed to the wind so as to accelerate cross-ventilations and provide adequate daylight illumination. However, large quantities of contaminant air are exhausted into the court spaces from the multiple dwellings. If adequate air change rates of the court spaces are not acquired, considerable air pollution would occur in the spaces. This study investigated the ventilation characteristics of court spaces for two basic building models where the courts were located in the core of the buildings and the upper part of the court spaces was directly exposed to the outdoor air, using new video image processing techniques.
From these experiments, the following conclusions were confirmed. 1. For the high-rise building model, the positions of the exterior openings at ground level greatly affected on the air change rates of the court space and the flow patterns.
2. For the low-rise building model, the effect of the exterior openings on the ventilation characteristics tended to decrease in comparison with the results of the high-rise building model. This was because the wind over the rooftop penetrated into the court space and moved downward along it and finally produced the large eddy which affected significantly on the contaminant air diffusion.