Abstract
We retrospectively analyzed complications following Groningen voice prosthesis insertion in tracheoesophageal voice restoration. In total, 22 patients within a follow-up period between 7 and 37 months, were enrolled in the study. Leakage through or around the prosthesis, which occurred in 15 (68%) patients, was the most frequent complication. However, permanent closure of the tracheoesophageal shunt was required in only one patient. Granulation and infection around the tracheoesophageal shunt occurred in 6 (27%) patients. Spontaneous extrusion of the prosthesis occurred in 5 (23%) patients, due to the insertion of a shorter prosthesis (5 mm-type). Stoma stenosis occurred in 4 (18%) patients, for whom stomaplasty was performed. Other complications were stenosis at the jejunum-esophageal anastomosis in two patients, and, in one patient each, esophageal foreign body, acute abdominal disorder due to excess air intake, and tracheoesophageal fistula. Patients should be examined at the shunt and the prosthesis on the esophageal side whenever they have an increase in leakage and a change in shunt voice. We do not recommend insertion of the shorter prosthesis (5 mm-type). Patients should be informed about the complications that can occur after insertion of the voice prosthesis beforehand, and it is important to deal with any problems at an early stage.
