Successful Treatment of a Recurrent Arteriovenous Malformation of the Toe with Foam Sclerotherapy: A Case Report

Abstract

A 60-year-old man visited our hospital for right second toe pain that had persisted for a month. He was diagnosed with arteriovenous malformation (AVM) of the toe by CT angiography and ultrasonography and underwent resection of the lesion and ligation of the feeding artery; however, it recurred 3 months later. The patient underwent foam sclerotherapy of the toe under blood flow restriction and was cured without toe necrosis. No recurrence occurred within the 2-year follow-up period. Although AVMs are rare, their recurrence after surgery is common. Foam sclerotherapy is a simple and effective treatment for recurrent or difficult-to-treat cases.