ヨーロッパ統一と教育

その教育理念

抄録

Twenty-three percent of Europeans believe that the sense of national identity will eventually give way to a sense of European identity. Sixty-two percent believe that in the European Union citizens should be conscious both of their national identity and of their European identity. We learn this from an opinion survey conducted in all 12 Member States in Autumn 1992. We are now seeing the emergence of a Homo europeus, a new people. The Single European Act of 1986 extended the Community' s field of action to new policies, so that a European dimension has been given to wide areas of economic and social life. The Treaty on European Union was signed in Maastricht on 7 February 1992. The most important innovation of the Treaty is undoubtedly the concept of Union citizenship.
The European Economic Community (EEC) was set up in 1958, based on the Treaty of Rome. The right of free movement of labour (Article 48) and common vocational preparation (Article 128) have been asked of all Member States of the Community. Europeans have many problems, however, such as mother-tongue instruction and making sense of European identity.
The Council and the Ministers of Education Meeting within the Council passed a resolution on the European Dimension in Education on 24 May 1988. On matters of education to teach about the European dimension, as in many other areas too, the Twelve cooperate with their neighbours. In England, for example, the Speaker' s Cross-party Commission on Citizenship was formed in December 1988. The NationalCurriculum Council, following the report of the Commission, composed Curriculum (Curriculum Guidance 8: Education forCitizenship) and recommended to learn the following main literature: the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948), the European Convention on Human Rights (1950) and the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (1989).
The pursuit of common European ideals are set on forming individual identity in plural fields; local (ethnic), national and international (European) levels. The three levels are not only clashing, but filling up and mixing.