Metals and Alloys in Environment Inside Human Body and Their Surface Modifications

Abstract

The chemical properties of metallic biomaterials used for artificial joints, bone plates, and dental implants in human body were discussed on the basis of the empirical data. In particular, maturation of the surface oxide film on titanium and destruction and regeneration of the film in bioliquid were considered. The release of metallic ion and the behavior of the ion in living body were also discussed. In addition, the surface modification of the materials to improve their corrosion resistance, wear resistance, and bone conductivity, were explained. Surface modification methods were classified according to their purpose and environment in which the modifications are performed. Calcium ion implantation into titanium for the improvement of the bone conduction was explained as an example.