The Bulletin of Japanese Curriculum Research and Development
Online ISSN : 2424-1784
Print ISSN : 0288-0334
ISSN-L : 0288-0334
Problems of the Previous Studies on Head-Feet Expression Forms : Focus on the studies : A. Cambier (1976), M. Sonoda (1976), J. Goodnow (1977), and M. Nagasaka (1977)
Toshiyuki TAKAHASHI
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1997 Volume 20 Issue 3 Pages 9-18

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Abstract
Observations of an infant's human figure drawings revealed that he used forms of expressions which combined a head with arms, legs, and a trunk in a variety of ways. Expressions for human figures used by infants have been described as 'Kopffusser,' 'tetard,' 'bonhomme tetard,' 'figure without a body,' and 'head-feet representation.' In this study those human figure expressions are described as 'head-feet expression forms.' There seem to be many problems unsolved about the structure and the nature of the expression forms. It is, therefore, necessary to criticize the previous studies by investigating historically what they described as head-feet expression forms and how they explained those forms theoretically. This paper will focus on the following studies: A. Cambier (1976), M. Sonoda (1976), J. Goodnow (1977), and M. Nagasaka (1977).
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© 1997 Japan Curriculum Research and Development Association
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