粘土と環境地質
1991 年 31 巻 2 号 p. 82-90
詳細
1991 年 31 巻 2 号 p. 82-90
Our atmosphere, oceans, sediments and soils, all reflect major or minor influences of the biosphere. In the sediments, erosion of the topsoil, complex mixture of clay minerals and carbon compounds, is one of crisis in the world economy. Clay mineralogist concerned with the sediments and mineral deposits must understand weathering processes plus microorganisms in detail. Bacteria must be important in all transport processes of elements between sediments and water systems. In the atmosphere, fine particles, such as clays, loess and fly ash produced by combusion of fossil fuels are biologically and chemically recycling in our planet. The consequences of a massive increase in the use of coal or other fossil carbon sources give the global atomospheric increase of CO2N2O, acid gases, etc.
Modern electron microscopic techniques and the new array of computer surface techniques, ESCA, Auger, SIMS, etc. have made it possible to see Å level structures, and chemistry of the fine particles. Examples of such fine mineralogical particles in the surface environment are described in this paper.
