Abstract
After the opening of a port to foreign trade in 1859, the number of Westerners migrating into the foreign
settlement of Yokohama increased rapidly, and reached to about 1200. In order to fulfill the expectations of
consumers for milk and beef, dairy farms and cattle slaughterhouses were established. Prussian brothers, Henry
and Edward Schnell, who had migrated from Indonesia to Yokohama in about 1860, established a dairy farm at the
center of the foreign settlement in 1861～1863. Tomekiti Maeda worked on the Schnell's farm as an employee and acquired milking techniques at free moments during his 3 years on the farm. Maeda then established the first dairy farm outside of the foreign settlement, but he did not achieve success. However, he was invited to Tokyo as an instructor of milking techniques by a governmental organization, and was able to establish a group of capable dairy farmers. The origin of ice cream making in Japan can be traced to the entertainment with ice cream for a Japanese mission to Washington D.C, via an interpreter Matuzou Desima. In 1869 the first marketing of ice cream began in Yokohama by Husazou Machida who had taken instruction from Desima in 1868. The hygienic fact that milk and cream are raw products in every respect was an important lesson.
