効果的e-Learningのためのフロー理論の応用

抄録

The flow experience, or flow, is an optimal state of experience, which is characterized by intense concentration, deep involvement, and high enjoyment. During flow, time passes quickly, the sense of the self as a social actor is lost, and action and awareness merge. According to flow theory, flow occurs when (1) perceived challenges and existing skills match, and (2) there are clear proximal goals and immediate feedback about the progress being made, while engaged in activities. Moreover, flow theory as a model of optimal human development postulates that through the flow experience, people develop more complex skills by stretching existing ones. In this paper, we overview flow theory and discuss how the flow experience can facilitate effective e-Learning for the students.