Microwaves (MW) are applied to a variety of situations including daily life, industry, and medical care. In addition, the biological effects of MW are attracting more attention than ever before. Various researches of MW effects on life phenomena has been conducted. However, detailed mechanisms of such effects have been rarely investigated based on biology and chemistry. In the last two decades, it has been reported to improve cellular functions or to have negative effects on cells. Very recently, cellular researches have been conducted with the aim of applying MW to cancer treatment. Hyperthermia has already been in practical use, and other methods are now under investigation. This review summarizes some researches about effect of MW on cells and show some applied researches on cancer treatment. These studies could contribute to various applications including medical treatment.
