Abstract
The important central axis in the spatial composition of Goksudang was the mountain stream and garden facilities were arranged in the eastwestern part of the mountain stream. This stream connected organically each waterscape element and provided the unified landscape. The most characteristic garden technique of unseondo garden was creating water space by blocking the mountain streamflow. This research showed that creating Goksudang garden started from acquiring the source of water by blocking streamflow. He created the stream garden by using two bridges which connected two ponds. This research suggested that the ingenious use of natural mountain stream as a pond which provided the function of waterscape was an excellent garden technique. Although Goksudang showed various water shapes such as stagnation, flow and fall, it was mainly dominated by static waterscape elements. Goksudang created by Yunseondo as a recluse showed the spiritual world of contemplation based on cultural and social background. Therefore, taking a view of waterscape was the main static activity in this garden. The space of waterscape was much larger than building space for living in the spatial composition of Goksudang. To emphasize the water-based garden, waterscape elements were continuously arranged around the center of the mountain stream and this garden showed a multiplicity of water. The physical shape of waterscape was the pond shore and its shoreline of waterscape emphasized by a straight line was dominated in Goksudang. One interesting finding was that the axis of building and the pond shore were parallel. This result is suggested that this square pond was created as a necessity. The straight shoreline, which is not inappropriate in the surrounding natural environment, shows the simple and clear sensation in the composition order of waterscape element.
