A REVISION OF HOMALIA (MUSCI: NECKERACEAE)

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  Homalia Brid., a pleurocarpous moss genus, is composed of five species and one variety: H. glabella (Hedw.) Schimp., H. lusitanica Schimp., H. pennatula (Dix.) He & Enroth, H. trichomanoides (Hedw.) Brid., H. trichomanoides var.japonica (Besch.) He, and H. webbiana (Mont.) Schimp. Species of Homalia all have glossy plants in strongly flattened mats, irregularly to subpinnately branched stems, oblong-ovate to oblong-spatulate, not undulate leaves inserted in eight-ranks, rounded, obtuse to broadly acute leaf apices, short, rhombic to oblong- rhomboidal apical leaf cells, well developed annuli, elongate setae, and a Hypnum-type peristome. The subgeneric division recognized by Brotherus in the second edition of Engler and Prantl's Die natürlichen Pftanzenfamilien is not retained. Nine new synonyms are proposed: Homalia angustifrons C. Müll. is synonymous with Isodrepanium lentulum (Wils.) Britt.; H. defoliata (C. Müll.) Jaeg. with H. glabella; H.fauriei Broth., H. obtusata Mitt., and H. spathulata Dix. with H. trichomanoides; H. gracilis James in Peck and H. pusilla Bosch & Sande-Lac. with Neckera besseri Lob.; H. subarcuata Broth. with Taxiphyllum arcuatum (Bosch & Sande-Lac.) He; and H. woronowii Thér. with H. webbiana. Three new combinations, Pseudotaxiphyllum falcifolium (Hook. f. & Wils.), comb. nov., Taxiphyllum arcuatum (Bosch & Sande-Lac.), comb. nov., and Thamnobryum pendulirameum (C. Müll.), comb. nov., are made. Homalia goughiana (Mitt.) Jaeg. is returned to the genus Neckera. Homalia sakontala Lor., reported from India, is a species of uncertain identity. A key to the species and varieties is presented. All species are described and illustrated. Five of six Homalia taxa are exclusively distributed in the northern hemisphere. Only H. glabella crosses the equator, reaching to southern Brazil. The geographic distribution of each taxon is presented in lists of specimens examined and on distribution maps.