プルトニウムおよびウランの爆発・火災事故例等の調査にもとづく防護対策上の問題点

抄録

The causes of fires of plutonium and uranium in the nuclear facilities are summalized through the literature survey of accidents in the United States and the United Kingdom, and of metallurgical studies. It is noticeable that spontaneous ignition is due to the operations such as of degreasing, leaching, cutting and scraping, to the treatment with nitric acid, or to the existence of moisture, for example, after low-temperature experiment of the metals.
The methods of fire-prevention and fire-fighting at the plutonium fires are also described with the recommendation on the view point of health physics: Aluminum icontaner is likely to have excellent property for the fire prevention. The data of particle size distribution and deposition velocity of plutonium emitted at the fire are also showed. Finally, the efficient agent and technique of fire extinguishing are described with some data from experiences in the accidents and the laboratory experiments.